What are the characteristics of effective feedback?

Effective feedback is characterized by being specific, constructive, timely, and actionable. Specific feedback points out precisely what was done well and what needs improvement, making it clear for the recipient to understand the areas of focus. Constructive feedback provides guidance on how to make those improvements, thus offering solutions and support rather than just criticism. Timeliness is essential; feedback given shortly after the performance allows individuals to make connections between their actions and the feedback, enhancing learning. Finally, actionable feedback includes clear steps or suggestions that the recipient can adopt to develop their skills or correct mistakes, ensuring they have a practical way to improve. This approach fosters a growth mindset and encourages ongoing development.